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Compare Antigua and Barbuda (2004) - Portugal (2001)

Compare Antigua and Barbuda (2004) z Portugal (2001)

 Antigua and Barbuda (2004)Portugal (2001)
 Antigua and BarbudaPortugal
Administrative divisions 6 parishes and 2 dependencies*; Barbuda*, Redonda*, Saint George, Saint John, Saint Mary, Saint Paul, Saint Peter, Saint Philip 18 districts (distritos, singular - distrito) and 2 autonomous regions* (regioes autonomas, singular - regiao autonoma); Aveiro, Acores (Azores)*, Beja, Braga, Braganca, Castelo Branco, Coimbra, Evora, Faro, Guarda, Leiria, Lisboa, Madeira*, Portalegre, Porto, Santarem, Setubal, Viana do Castelo, Vila Real, Viseu
Age structure 0-14 years: 28.1% (male 9,761; female 9,429)


15-64 years: 67.6% (male 23,179; female 23,023)


65 years and over: 4.3% (male 1,151; female 1,777) (2004 est.)
0-14 years:
16.96% (male 877,379; female 830,242)

15-64 years:
67.42% (male 3,321,473; female 3,465,481)

65 years and over:
15.62% (male 637,207; female 934,471) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products cotton, fruits, vegetables, bananas, coconuts, cucumbers, mangoes, sugarcane; livestock grain, potatoes, olives, grapes; sheep, cattle, goats, poultry, beef, dairy products
Airports 3 (2003 est.) 66 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 2


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)
total:
40

over 3,047 m:
5

2,438 to 3,047 m:
9

1,524 to 2,437 m:
4

914 to 1,523 m:
17

under 914 m:
5 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)
total:
26

914 to 1,523 m:
1

under 914 m:
25 (2000 est.)
Area total: 443 sq km (Antigua 280 sq km; Barbuda 161 sq km)


land: 443 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes Redonda, 1.6 sq km
total:
92,391 sq km

land:
91,951 sq km

water:
440 sq km

note:
includes Azores and Madeira Islands
Area - comparative 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC slightly smaller than Indiana
Background The Siboney were the first to inhabit the islands of Antigua and Barbuda in 2400 B.C., but Arawak and Carib Indians populated the islands when Columbus landed on his second voyage in 1493. Early settlements by the Spanish and French were succeeded by the English who formed a colony in 1667. Slavery, established to run the sugar plantations on Antigua, was abolished in 1834. The islands became an independent state within the British Commonwealth of Nations in 1981. Following its heyday as a world power during the 15th and 16th centuries, Portugal lost much of its wealth and status with the destruction of Lisbon in a 1755 earthquake, occupation during the Napoleonic Wars, and the independence in 1822 of Brazil as a colony. A 1910 revolution deposed the monarchy; for most of the next six decades repressive governments ran the country. In 1974, a left-wing military coup installed broad democratic reforms. The following year Portugal granted independence to all of its African colonies. Portugal entered the EC in 1985.
Birth rate 17.7 births/1,000 population (2004 est.) 11.51 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues: $123.7 million


expenditures: $145.9 million, including capital expenditures of NA (2000 est.)
revenues:
$48.6 billion

expenditures:
$50.7 billion, including capital expenditures of $7.7 billion (2000 est.)
Capital Saint John's (Antigua) Lisbon
Climate tropical; little seasonal temperature variation maritime temperate; cool and rainy in north, warmer and drier in south
Coastline 153 km 1,793 km
Constitution 1 November 1981 25 April 1976, revised 30 October 1982, 1 June 1989, 5 November 1992, and 3 September 1997
Country name conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Antigua and Barbuda
conventional long form:
Portuguese Republic

conventional short form:
Portugal

local long form:
Republica Portuguesa

local short form:
Portugal
Currency East Caribbean dollar (XCD) Portuguese escudo (PTE); euro (EUR)

note:
on 1 January 1999, the EU introduced the euro as a common currency that is now being used by financial institutions in Portugal at a fixed rate of 200.482 Portuguese escudos per euro and will replace the local currency for all transactions in 2002
Death rate 5.55 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.) 10.21 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $231 million (1999) $13.1 billion (1997 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US the US does not have an embassy in Antigua and Barbuda (embassy closed 30 June 1994); the US Ambassador to Barbados, Ambassador Mary E. KRAMER, is accredited to Antigua and Barbuda chief of mission:
Ambassador Gerald S. MCGOWAN

embassy:
Avenida das Forcas Armadas, 1600 Lisbon

mailing address:
PSC 83, APO AE 09726

telephone:
[351] (21) 727-3300

FAX:
[351] (21) 726-9109

consulate(s):
Ponta Delgada (Azores)
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Lionel A. HURST


chancery: 3216 New Mexico Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20016


telephone: [1] (202) 362-5122


FAX: [1] (202) 362-5225


consulate(s) general: Miami
chief of mission:
Ambassador Joao Alberto Bacelar ROCHA PARIS

chancery:
2125 Kalorama Road NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 328-8610

FAX:
[1] (202) 462-3726

consulate(s) general:
Boston, New York, Newark (New Jersey), and San Francisco

consulate(s):
Los Angeles, New Bedford (Massachusetts), Providence (Rhode Island)
Disputes - international none -
Economic aid - donor - ODA, $271 million (1995)
Economic aid - recipient $2.3 million (1995) -
Economy - overview Tourism continues to dominate the economy, accounting for more than half of GDP. Weak tourist arrival numbers since early 2000 have slowed the economy, however, and pressed the government into a tight fiscal corner. The dual-island nation's agricultural production is focused on the domestic market and constrained by a limited water supply and a labor shortage stemming from the lure of higher wages in tourism and construction. Manufacturing comprises enclave-type assembly for export with major products being bedding, handicrafts, and electronic components. Prospects for economic growth in the medium term will continue to depend on income growth in the industrialized world, especially in the US, which accounts for slightly more than one-third of tourist arrivals. Portugal is an upcoming capitalist economy with a per capita GDP two-thirds that of the four big West European economies. The country qualified for the European Monetary Union (EMU) in 1998 and joined with 10 other European countries in launching the euro on 1 January 1999. The year 2000 was marked by moderation in growth, inflation, and unemployment. The country continues to run a sizable trade deficit. The government is working to reform the tax system, to modernize capital plant, and to increase the country's competitiveness in the increasingly integrated world markets. Growth is expected to fall off slightly in 2001. Improvement in the education sector is critical to the long-run catch-up process.
Electricity - consumption 97.89 million kWh (2001) 37.915 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2001) 4.49 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2001) 3.628 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - production 105.3 million kWh (2001) 41.696 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
79.97%

hydro:
17.25%

nuclear:
0%

other:
2.78% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m


highest point: Boggy Peak 402 m
lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Ponta do Pico (Pico or Pico Alto) on Ilha do Pico in the Azores 2,351 m
Environment - current issues water management - a major concern because of limited natural fresh water resources - is further hampered by the clearing of trees to increase crop production, causing rainfall to run off quickly soil erosion; air pollution caused by industrial and vehicle emissions; water pollution, especially in coastal areas
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Whaling


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
party to:
Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Environmental Modification, Nuclear Test Ban
Ethnic groups black, British, Portuguese, Lebanese, Syrian homogeneous Mediterranean stock; citizens of black African descent who immigrated to mainland during decolonization number less than 100,000
Exchange rates East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.7 (2003), 2.7 (2002), 2.7 (2001), 2.7 (2000), 2.7 (1999), 2.7 (1998) (fixed rate since 1976) euros per US dollar - 1.0659 (January 2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); Portuguese escudos per US dollar - 180.10 (1998), 175.31 (1997), 154.24 (1996)
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General James B. CARLISLE (since 10 June 1993)


head of government: Prime Minister Baldwin SPENCER (since 24 March 2004)


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor general chosen by the monarch on the advice of the prime minister; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the governor general
chief of state:
President Jorge SAMPAIO (since 9 March 1996)

head of government:
Prime Minister Antonio Manuel de Oliviera GUTERRES (since 28 October 1995)

cabinet:
Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister

note:
there is also a Council of State that acts as a consultative body to the president

elections:
president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 14 January 2001 (next to be held NA January 2006); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or leader of a majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the president

election results:
Jorge SAMPAIO re-elected president; percent of vote - Jorge SAMPAIO (Socialist) 55.8%, Joaquim FERREIRA Do Amaral (Social Democrat) 34.5%, Antonio ABREU (Communist) 5.1%
Exports NA (2001) $26.1 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Exports - commodities petroleum products 48%, manufactures 23%, machinery and transport equipment 17%, food and live animals 4%, other 8% clothing and footwear, machinery, chemicals, cork and paper products, hides
Exports - partners Germany 84.9%, UK 3.8%, US 3.3% (2003) EU 83% (Germany 20%, Spain 18%, France 14%, UK 12%, Netherlands 5%, Benelux 5%, Italy), US 5% (1999)
Fiscal year 1 April - 31 March calendar year
Flag description red, with an inverted isosceles triangle based on the top edge of the flag; the triangle contains three horizontal bands of black (top), light blue, and white, with a yellow rising sun in the black band two vertical bands of green (hoist side, two-fifths) and red (three-fifths) with the Portuguese coat of arms centered on the dividing line
GDP purchasing power parity - $750 million (2002 est.) purchasing power parity - $159 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 3.9%


industry: 19.2%


services: 76.8% (2002)
agriculture:
4%

industry:
36%

services:
60% (1999 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $11,000 (2002 est.) purchasing power parity - $15,800 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 3% (2002 est.) 2.7% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 17 03 N, 61 48 W 39 30 N, 8 00 W
Geography - note Antigua has a deeply indented shoreline with many natural harbors and beaches; Barbuda has a very large western harbor Azores and Madeira Islands occupy strategic locations along western sea approaches to Strait of Gibraltar
Highways total: 250 km (1999 est.) total:
68,732 km

paved:
59,110 km (including 797 km of expressways)

unpaved:
9,622 km (1999)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
lowest 10%:
3.1%

highest 10%:
28.4% (1995 est.)
Illicit drugs considered a minor transshipment point for narcotics bound for the US and Europe; more significant as an offshore financial center important gateway country for Latin American cocaine and Southwest Asian heroin entering the European market; transshipment point for hashish from North Africa to Europe; consumer of Southwest Asian heroin
Imports NA (2001) $41 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Imports - commodities food and live animals, machinery and transport equipment, manufactures, chemicals, oil machinery and transport equipment, chemicals, petroleum, textiles, agricultural products
Imports - partners US 26.5%, Singapore 10%, Poland 7%, Germany 6.1%, UK 6.1%, Trinidad and Tobago 4.4% (2003) EU 78% (Spain 25%, Germany 15%, France 11%, Italy 8%, UK 7%, Netherlands 5%), US 3%, Japan 3% (1998)
Independence 1 November 1981 (from UK) 1140 (independent republic proclaimed 5 October 1910)
Industrial production growth rate 6% (1997 est.) 2.9% (1999 est.)
Industries tourism, construction, light manufacturing (clothing, alcohol, household appliances) textiles and footwear; wood pulp, paper, and cork; metalworking; oil refining; chemicals; fish canning; wine; tourism
Infant mortality rate total: 20.18 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 24.29 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 15.87 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
5.94 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 0.4% (2000 est.) 2.8% (2000 est.)
International organization participation ACP, C, Caricom, CDB, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO (subscriber), ITU, OAS, OECS, OPANAL, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO AfDB, Australia Group, BIS, CCC, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, ECLAC, EIB, EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, LAIA (observer), MINURSO, NAM (guest), NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIBH, UNMIK, UNMOP, UNTAET, UPU, WCL, WEU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO, ZC
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 16 (2000)
Irrigated land NA sq km 6,300 sq km (1993 est.)
Judicial branch Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based in Saint Lucia; one judge of the Supreme Court is a resident of the islands and presides over the Court of Summary Jurisdiction) Supreme Court or Supremo Tribunal de Justica (judges appointed for life by the Conselho Superior da Magistratura)
Labor force 30,000 5 million (1999)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 7%, industry 11%, services 82% (1983) services 60%, industry 30%, agriculture 10% (1999 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km total:
1,214 km

border countries:
Spain 1,214 km
Land use arable land: 18.18%


permanent crops: 4.55%


other: 77.27% (2001)
arable land:
26%

permanent crops:
9%

permanent pastures:
9%

forests and woodland:
36%

other:
20% (1993 est.)
Languages English (official), local dialects Portuguese
Legal system based on English common law civil law system; the Constitutional Tribunal reviews the constitutionality of legislation; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
Legislative branch bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (17-member body appointed by the governor general) and the House of Representatives (17 seats; members are elected by proportional representation to serve five-year terms)


elections: House of Representatives - last held 23 March 2004 (next to be held NA 2009)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - ALP 4, UPP 12, contested 1; note - new election will decide the contested seat
unicameral Assembly of the Republic or Assembleia da Republica (230 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)

elections:
last held 10 October 1999 (next to be held by NA October 2003)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PS 115, PSD 81, PCP 15, PP 15, PEV 2, The Left Bloc 2
Life expectancy at birth total population: 71.6 years


male: 69.26 years


female: 74.07 years (2004 est.)
total population:
75.94 years

male:
72.44 years

female:
79.68 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over has completed five or more years of schooling


total population: 89%


male: 90%


female: 88% (1960 est.)
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
87.4%

male:
NA%

female:
NA%
Location Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, east-southeast of Puerto Rico Southwestern Europe, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, west of Spain
Map references Central America and the Caribbean Europe
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 24 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin
contiguous zone:
24 NM

continental shelf:
200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
Merchant marine total: 867 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 5,873,626 GRT/7,683,143 DWT


by type: bulk 25, cargo 477, chemical tanker 13, container 284, liquefied gas 10, multi-functional large load carrier 15, refrigerated cargo 10, roll on/roll off 32, vehicle carrier 1


foreign-owned: Australia 1, Bahamas 1, Bangladesh 2, Belgium 3, Colombia 1, Cuba 1, Cyprus 1, Estonia 3, France 1, Germany 818, Greece 2, Iceland 5, Latvia 1, Lebanon 1, Lithuania 2, Malaysia 1, Netherlands 19, New Zealand 1, Norway 2, Portugal 1, Slovenia 5, Sweden 2, Switzerland 5, Turkey 3, United States 10


registered in other countries: 2 (2004 est.)
total:
158 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,053,586 GRT/1,611,238 DWT

ships by type:
bulk 14, cargo 84, chemical tanker 16, container 10, liquefied gas 7, multi-functional large-load carrier 1, petroleum tanker 11, refrigerated cargo 1, roll on/roll off 6, short-sea passenger 4, vehicle carrier 4

note:
includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Spain 1 (2000 est.)
Military branches Royal Antigua and Barbuda Defense Force (including Coast Guard) Army, Navy (includes Marines), Air Force, National Republican Guard
Military expenditures - dollar figure NA $2.458 billion (FY97)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA 2.6% (FY97)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49:
2,530,466 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49:
2,030,759 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - military age - 20 years of age
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males:
71,404 (2001 est.)
National holiday Independence Day (National Day), 1 November (1981) Portugal Day, 10 June (1580)
Nationality noun: Antiguan(s), Barbudan(s)


adjective: Antiguan, Barbudan
noun:
Portuguese (singular and plural)

adjective:
Portuguese
Natural hazards hurricanes and tropical storms (July to October); periodic droughts Azores subject to severe earthquakes
Natural resources NEGL; pleasant climate fosters tourism fish, forests (cork), tungsten, iron ore, uranium ore, marble, arable land, hydro power
Net migration rate -6.15 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.) 0.5 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Pipelines - crude oil 22 km; petroleum products 58 km; natural gas 700 km

note:
the secondary lines for the natural gas pipeline that will be 300 km long have not yet been built
Political parties and leaders Antigua Labor Party or ALP [Lester Bryant BIRD]; Barbuda People's Movement or BPM [Thomas H. FRANK]; United Progressive Party or UPP [Baldwin SPENCER] (a coalition of three opposition parties - United National Democratic Party or UNDP, Antigua Caribbean Liberation Movement or ACLM, and Progressive Labor Movement or PLM) The Greens or PEV [leader NA]; Popular Party or PP [Paulo PORTAS]; Portuguese Communist Party/United Democratic Coalition or PCP/CDU [Carlos CARVALHAS]; Portuguese Socialist Party or PS [Antonio GUTERRES]; Social Democratic Party or PSD [leader vacant]; The Left Bloc [no leader]
Political pressure groups and leaders Antigua Trades and Labor Union or ATLU [William ROBINSON]; People's Democratic Movement or PDM [Hugh MARSHALL] NA
Population 68,320 (July 2004 est.) 10,066,253 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line NA NA%
Population growth rate 0.6% (2004 est.) 0.18% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors Saint John's Aveiro, Funchal (Madeira Islands), Horta (Azores), Leixoes, Lisbon, Porto, Ponta Delgada (Azores), Praia da Vitoria (Azores), Setubal, Viana do Castelo
Radio broadcast stations AM 4, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 47, FM 172 (many are repeaters), shortwave 2 (1998)
Radios - 3.02 million (1997)
Railways - total:
2,850 km

broad gauge:
2,576 km 1.668-m gauge (623 km electrified; 426 km double track)

narrow gauge:
274 km 1.000-m gauge (1998)
Religions Christian, (predominantly Anglican with other Protestant, and some Roman Catholic) Roman Catholic 94%, Protestant (1995)
Sex ratio at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.65 male(s)/female


total population: 1 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
at birth:
1.07 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.06 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.96 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.68 male(s)/female

total population:
0.92 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: NA


domestic: good automatic telephone system


international: country code - 1-268; 1 coaxial submarine cable; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); tropospheric scatter to Saba (Netherlands Antilles) and Guadeloupe
general assessment:
undergoing rapid development in recent years, Portugal's telephone system, by the end of 1998, achieved a state-of-the-art network with broadband, high-speed capabilities and a main line telephone density of 53%

domestic:
integrated network of coaxial cables, open wire, microwave radio relay, and domestic satellite earth stations

international:
6 submarine cables; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (2 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean), NA Eutelsat; tropospheric scatter to Azores; note - an earth station for Inmarsat (Atlantic Ocean region) is planned
Telephones - main lines in use 38,000 (2002) 5.3 million (end 1998)
Telephones - mobile cellular 38,200 (2002) 3,074,194 (1999)
Television broadcast stations 2 (1997) 62 (plus 166 repeaters)

note:
includes Azores and Madeira Islands (1995)
Terrain mostly low-lying limestone and coral islands, with some higher volcanic areas mountainous north of the Tagus River, rolling plains in south
Total fertility rate 2.27 children born/woman (2004 est.) 1.48 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 11% (2001 est.) 4.3% (2000 est.)
Waterways - 820 km

note:
relatively unimportant to national economy, used by shallow-draft craft limited to 300 metric-ton or less cargo capacity
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